Meirbekov, Akylbek, Dinara Berdi, Zhanat Burayeva, Ilyas Ikramov, and Makpal Sarbaeva. 2025. “A Novel Approach to Enhancing the Effectiveness of Chemistry Teaching by Preservice Teachers”. Emerging Science Journal 9 (1):45-71. https://doi.org/10.28991/ESJ-2025-09-01-04.