Using Correlation to Explore the Impact of Corona Virus Disease on Socioeconomics
Abstract
Doi: 10.28991/esj-2022-SPER-012
Full Text: PDF
Keywords
References
Azis, M., Ilmi, Z., Hakim, Y. P., Qodri, M., & Darma, D. C. (2021). Monte Carlo’simulation predicting on the movement of investments–During the Covid pandemic in Indonesia. Jurnal Dinamika Manajemen, 12(2), 262-274.
Sirkeci, I., & Yucesahin, M. M. (2020). Coronavirus and migration: analysis of human mobility and the spread of Covid-19. Migration Letters, 17(2), 379-398. doi:10.33182/ml.v17i2.935.
Bojanowska, A., Kaczmarek, Ł. D., Koscielniak, M., & Urbańska, B. (2021). Changes in values and well-being amidst the COVID-19 pandemic in Poland. PloS one, 16(9), e0255491. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0255491.
Megasari, N. L. A., Utsumi, T., Yamani, L. N., Juniastuti, Gunawan, E., Furukawa, K., Nishimura, M., Lusida, M. I., & Mori, Y. (2021). Seroepidemiological study of SARS-CoV-2 infection in East Java, Indonesia. PLoS ONE, 16(5), e0251234. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0251234.
Dewi, R., Kaswandani, N., Karyanti, M. R., Setyanto, D. B., Pudjiadi, A. H., Hendarto, A., … Putri, N. D. (2021). Mortality in children with positive SARS-CoV-2 polymerase chain reaction test: Lessons learned from a tertiary referral hospital in Indonesia. International Journal of Infectious Diseases, 107, 78–85. doi:10.1016/j.ijid.2021.04.019.
Widiputra, H. (2021). GA-optimized multivariate CNN-LSTM model for predicting multi-channel mobility in the COVID-19 pandemic. Emerging Science Journal, 5(5), 619–635. doi:10.28991/esj-2021-01300.
Lumayag, L. A., del Rosario, T. C., & Sutton, F. S. (2020). Reflections on collective insecurity and virtual resistance in the times of COVID-19 in Malaysia. Migration Letters, 17(5), 719–731. doi:10.33182/ML.V17I5.1013.
Aeni, N. (2021). Pandemi COVID-19: COVID-19 pandemic: Health, economic & social impact. Jurnal Litbang: Media Informasi Penelitian, Pengembangan Dan IPTEK, 17(1), 17–34. doi:10.33658/jl.v17i1.249. (In Indonesian).
Dhawan, S. (2020). Online Learning: A Panacea in the Time of COVID-19 Crisis. Journal of Educational Technology Systems, 49(1), 5–22. doi:10.1177/0047239520934018.
Espino-Díaz, L., Fernandez-Caminero, G., Hernandez-Lloret, C.-M., Gonzalez-Gonzalez, H., & Alvarez-Castillo, J.-L. (2020). Analyzing the Impact of COVID-19 on Education Professionals. Toward a Paradigm Shift: ICT and Neuroeducation as a Binomial of Action. Sustainability, 12(14), 5646. doi:10.3390/su12145646.
Shang, Y., Li, H., & Zhang, R. (2021). Effects of Pandemic Outbreak on Economies: Evidence From Business History Context. Frontiers in Public Health, 9, 632043. doi:10.3389/fpubh.2021.632043.
Krier, F. (2022). Deltacron: The story of the variant that wasn’t. Available online: https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-022-00149-9 (accessed on April 2022).
Tisdell, C. A. (2020). Economic, social and political issues raised by the COVID-19 pandemic. Economic Analysis and Policy, 68, 17–28. doi:10.1016/j.eap.2020.08.002.
Gandasari, D., & Dwidienawati, D. (2020). Content analysis of social and economic issues in Indonesia during the COVID-19 pandemic. Heliyon, 6(11), e05599. doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e05599.
Oyebode, O., Ndulue, C., Adib, A., Mulchandani, D., Suruliraj, B., Orji, F. A., Chambers, C. T., Meier, S., & Orji, R. (2021). Health, psychosocial, and social issues emanating from the COVID-19 pandemic based on social media comments: Text mining and thematic analysis approach. JMIR Medical Informatics, 9(4), e22734. doi:10.2196/22734.
Susilawati, S., Falefi, R., & Purwoko, A. (2020). Impact of COVID-19’s Pandemic on the Economy of Indonesia. Budapest International Research and Critics Institute (BIRCI-Journal): Humanities and Social Sciences, 3(2), 1147–1156. doi:10.33258/birci.v3i2.954.
Kiran, E. (2020). Prominent Issues About the Social Impacts of Covid 19. Gaziantep University Journal of Social Sciences, 19(COVID-19 Special Issue), 752–766. doi:10.21547/jss.787779.
Shimizutani, S., & Yamada, E. (2021). Resilience against the pandemic: The impact of COVID-19 on migration and household welfare in Tajikistan. PLoS ONE, 16(9), e0257469. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0257469.
Balakrishnan, V. S. (2021). Impact of COVID-19 on migrants and refugees. The Lancet. Infectious Diseases, 21(8), 1076–1077. doi:10.1016/S1473-3099(21)00410-2.
Sanchez, G., & Achilli, L. (2020). Stranded: The impacts of COVID-19 on irregular migration and migrant smuggling. RSC Policy Briefs. Migration Policy Centre, Washington, United States. Available online: http://hdl.handle.net/1814/67069 (accessed on March 2022). doi:10.2870/42411
Aburto, J. M., Schöley, J., Kashnitsky, I., Zhang, L., Rahal, C., Missov, T. I., Mills, M. C., Dowd, J. B., & Kashyap, R. (2022). Quantifying impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic through life-expectancy losses: A population-level study of 29 countries. International Journal of Epidemiology, 51(1), 63–74. doi:10.1093/ije/dyab207.
Al Wahaibi, A., Al-Maani, A., Alyaquobi, F., Al Harthy, K., Al-Jardani, A., Al Rawahi, B., & Al-Abri, S. (2021). Effects of COVID-19 on mortality: A 5-year population-based study in Oman. International Journal of Infectious Diseases, 104, 102–107. doi:10.1016/j.ijid.2020.12.054.
Wijaya, M. Y. (2022). The Estimation of Excess Mortality during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Jakarta, Indonesia. Kesmas: Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat Nasional (National Public Health Journal), 17(1). doi:10.21109/kesmas.v17i1.5413.
Chan, E. Y., Cheng, D., & Martin, J. (2021). Impact of COVID-19 on excess mortality, life expectancy, and years of life lost in the United States. PLoS ONE, 16(9), e0256835. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0256835.
León-Gómez, I., Mazagatos, C., Delgado-Sanz, C., Frías, L., Vega-Piris, L., Rojas-Benedicto, A., & Larrauri, A. (2021). The impact of COVID-19 on mortality in Spain: Monitoring excess mortality (MoMo) and the surveillance of confirmed COVID-19 deaths. Viruses, 13(12), 2423. doi:10.3390/v13122423.
Bradbury-Jones, C., & Isham, L. (2020). The pandemic paradox: The consequences of COVID-19 on domestic violence. Journal of Clinical Nursing, 29(13–14), 2047–2049. doi:10.1111/jocn.15296.
Bright, C. F., Burton, C., & Kosky, M. (2020). Considerations of the impacts of COVID-19 on domestic violence in the United States. Social Sciences & Humanities Open, 2(1), 100069. doi:10.1016/j.ssaho.2020.100069.
Porter, C., Favara, M., Sánchez, A., & Scott, D. (2021). The impact of COVID-19 lockdowns on physical domestic violence: Evidence from a list randomization experiment. SSM - Population Health, 14, 100792. doi:10.1016/j.ssmph.2021.100792.
Jatmiko, M. I., Syukron, M., & Mekarsari, Y. (2020). Covid-19, Harassment and Social Media: A Study of Gender-Based Violence Facilitated by Technology During the Pandemic. The Journal of Society and Media, 4(2), 319-347. doi:10.26740/jsm.v4n2.p319-347.
Mittal, S., & Singh, T. (2020). Gender-Based Violence During COVID-19 Pandemic: A Mini-Review. Frontiers in Global Women’s Health, 1, 4. doi:10.3389/fgwh.2020.00004.
Stevens, L. M., Rockey, J. C., Rockowitz, S. R., Kanja, W., Colloff, M. F., & Flowe, H. D. (2021). Children’s Vulnerability to Sexual Violence During COVID-19 in Kenya: Recommendations for the Future. Frontiers in Global Women’s Health, 2, 630901. doi:10.3389/fgwh.2021.630901.
Kane, D., Maher, N., & Eogan, M. (2021). Assessment of the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on Sexual Assault Treatment Unit activity. BMJ Sexual and Reproductive Health, 47(4), 301–303. doi:10.1136/bmjsrh-2021-201143.
Khan, J. R., Awan, N., Islam, M. M., & Muurlink, O. (2020). Healthcare Capacity, Health Expenditure, and Civil Society as Predictors of COVID-19 Case Fatalities: A Global Analysis. Frontiers in Public Health, 8, 347. doi:10.3389/fpubh.2020.00347.
Acharya, A., Wolfson, C., Matta, S., Cardona, C., Lamba, S., & Bishai, D. (2021). The Role of Public Health Expenditures in COVID-19 control: Evidence from Local Governments in England. SSM - Population Health, 15, 100861. doi:10.1016/j.ssmph.2021.100861.
Li, K., Foutz, N. Z., Cai, Y., Liang, Y., & Gao, S. (2021). Impacts of COVID-19 lockdowns and stimulus payments on low-income population’s spending in the United States. PLoS ONE, 16(9), e0256407. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0256407.
Saladino, V., Algeri, D., & Auriemma, V. (2020). The Psychological and Social Impact of Covid-19: New Perspectives of Well-Being. Frontiers in Psychology, 11, 577684. doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2020.577684.
Paredes, M. R., Apaolaza, V., Fernandez-Robin, C., Hartmann, P., & Yañez-Martinez, D. (2021). The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on subjective mental well-being: The interplay of perceived threat, future anxiety and resilience. Personality and Individual Differences, 170, 110455. doi:10.1016/j.paid.2020.110455.
Choi, I., Kim, J. H., Kim, N., Choi, E., Choi, J., Suk, H. W., & Na, J. (2021). How COVID-19 affected mental well-being: An 11- week trajectories of daily well-being of Koreans amidst COVID-19 by age, gender and region. PLoS ONE, 16(4), e0250252. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0250252.
Giuntella, O., Hyde, K., Saccardo, S., & Sadoff, S. (2021). Lifestyle and mental health disruptions during COVID-19. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 118(9). doi:10.1073/pnas.2016632118.
Rajagukguk, E. (2021). Covid-19 increases unemployment. Available online: https://law.ui.ac.id/v3/covid-19-increases-unemployment-by-prof-erman-rajagukguk/ (Accessed on April, 2022).
Antipova, A. (2021). Analysis of the COVID-19 impacts on employment and unemployment across the multi-dimensional social disadvantaged areas. Social Sciences & Humanities Open, 4(1), 100224. doi:10.1016/j.ssaho.2021.100224.
Malik, N., Suliswanto, M. S. W., & Rofik, M. (2021). The unemployment rate amid the COVID-19 pandemic: Propose the best practices policy to maintain labor market stability. Jurnal Ilmu Sosial Dan Ilmu Politik, 25(1), 48–61. doi:10.22146/JSP.56450.
Ahmad, M., Khan, Y. A., Jiang, C., Kazmi, S. J. H., & Abbas, S. Z. (2021). The impact of COVID-19 on unemployment rate: An intelligent based unemployment rate prediction in selected countries of Europe. International Journal of Finance and Economics, 36(1), 1–16. doi:10.1002/ijfe.2434.
Faudiana, N. M. (2021). The Impact of Covid-19 Pandemic on Poverty in the Socio-Economic Field. Journal of Islamic Economic Scholar, 2(2). doi:10.14421/jies.2021.2.2.91-106.
Suryahadi, A., Al Izzati, R., & Yumna, A. (2021). The Impact of Covid-19 and Social Protection Programs on Poverty in Indonesia. Bulletin of Indonesian Economic Studies, 57(3), 267–296. doi:10.1080/00074918.2021.2005519.
Ram, K., & Yadav, S. (2021). The Impact of COVID-19 on Poverty Estimates in India: A Study Across Caste, Class and Religion. Contemporary Voice of Dalit. doi:10.1177/2455328X211051432.
Barletta, G., Castigo, F., Egger, E. M., Keller, M., Salvucci, V., & Tarp, F. (2022). The impact of COVID-19 on consumption poverty in Mozambique. Journal of International Development. doi:10.1002/jid.3599.
Finch, W. H., & Hernández Finch, M. E. (2020). Poverty and Covid-19: Rates of Incidence and Deaths in the United States During the First 10 Weeks of the Pandemic. Frontiers in Sociology, 5, 47. doi:10.3389/fsoc.2020.00047.
Ohrnberger, J., Segal, A. B., Forchini, G., Miraldo, M., Skarp, J., Nedjati-Gilani, G., Laydon, D. J., Ghani, A., Ferguson, N. M., & Hauck, K. (2021). The impact of a COVID-19 lockdown on work productivity under good and poor compliance. European Journal of Public Health, 31(5), 1009–1015. doi:10.1093/eurpub/ckab138.
Ahumada, H., Cavallo, E., Espina-Mairal, S., & Navajas, F. (2022). Sectoral Productivity Growth, COVID-19 Shocks, and Infrastructure. Economics of Disasters and Climate Change, 6(1). Inter-American Development Bank. doi:10.1007/s41885-021-00098-z.
Prasetyaningtyas, S. W., Heryanto, C., Nurfauzi, N. F., & Tanjung, S. B. (2021). The effect of work from home on employee productivity in banking industry. Jurnal Aplikasi Manajemen, 19(3). doi:10.21776/ub.jam.2021.019.03.05.
Mustajab, D., Bauw, A., Rasyid, A., Irawan, A., Akbar, M. A., & Hamid, M. A. (2020). Working From Home Phenomenon As an Effort to Prevent COVID-19 Attacks and Its Impacts on Work Productivity, The International Journal of Applied Business, 4(1), 13. doi:10.20473/tijab.v4.i1.2020.13-21.
de Vries, K., Erumban, A., & van Ark, B. (2021). Productivity and the pandemic: short-term disruptions and long-term implications: The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on productivity dynamics by industry. International Economics and Economic Policy, 18(3), 541–570. doi:10.1007/s10368-021-00515-4.
Roy, J., Hasid, Z., Lestari, D., Darma, D. C., & Kurniawan A, E. (2021). Covid-19 Maneuver on Socio-economic: Exploitation Using Correlation. Jurnal Pendidikan Ekonomi Dan Bisnis (JPEB), 9(2), 146–162. doi:10.21009/jpeb.009.2.6.
Prawoto, N., Purnomo, E. P., & Zahra, A. A. (2020). The impacts of Covid-19 pandemic on socio-economic mobility in Indonesia. International Journal of Economics and Business Administration, 8(3), 57–71. doi:10.35808/ijeba/486.
Osterrieder, A., Cuman, G., Pan-Ngum, W., Cheah, P. K., Cheah, P.-K., Peerawaranun, P., … Cheah, P. Y. (2021). Economic and social impacts of COVID-19 and public health measures: results from an anonymous online survey in Thailand, Malaysia, the UK, Italy and Slovenia. BMJ Open, 11(7), e046863. doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2020-046863.
Kumar, V., Alshazly, H., Idris, S. A., & Bourouis, S. (2021). Evaluating the impact of covid-19 on society, environment, economy, and education. Sustainability, 13(24), 13642. doi:10.3390/su132413642.
Singhal, T. (2020). A Review of Coronavirus Disease-2019 (COVID-19). Indian Journal of Pediatrics, 87(4), 281–286. doi:10.1007/s12098-020-03263-6.
Cascella, M., Rajnik, M., Aleem, A., Dulebohn, S. C., & Di Napoli, R. (2022). Features, evaluation, and treatment of coronavirus (COVID-19). Statpearls. Available online: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32150360/ (accessed on May 2022).
Harapan, H., Itoh, N., Yufika, A., Winardi, W., Keam, S., Te, H., Megawati, D., Hayati, Z., Wagner, A. L., & Mudatsir, M. (2020). Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): A literature review. Journal of Infection and Public Health, 13(5), 667–673. doi:10.1016/j.jiph.2020.03.019.
Shereen, M. A., Khan, S., Kazmi, A., Bashir, N., & Siddique, R. (2020). COVID-19 infection: Origin, transmission, and characteristics of human coronaviruses. Journal of Advanced Research, 24, 91–98. doi:10.1016/j.jare.2020.03.005.
Badan Pusat Statistik (BPS). (2022). Statistical Yearbook of Indonesia 2022. BPS-Statictics indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia. Available online: https://www.bps.go.id/publication/2022/02/25/0a2afea4fab72a5d052cb315/statistik-indonesia-2022.html (accessed on March 2022). (In Indonesian).
Task Force for Handling COVID-19 – Republic of Indonesia. (2022). Peta sebaran COVID-19. Available online: https://covid19.go.id/peta-sebaran-covid19 (accessed on April 2022). (In Indonesian).
Ministry of Law and Human Rights – Republic of Indonesia. (2022). Domestic violence from a sociological perspective. Available online: https://ditjenpp.kemenkumham.go.id/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=649:kekerasan-dalam-rumah-tangga-dalam-perspektif-sosiologi&catid=101&Itemid=181 (accessed on April 2022).
Pahlavi, R. & Mutia A. (2022). The Databooks: Number of cases of rape and obscenity (2017 - 2021). Available online: https://databoks.katadata.co.id/ (accessed on March 2022). (In Indonesian).
Lestari, D., Hudayah, S., & Busari, A. (2022). Understanding the ‘Shadow Economy’ in Smes – a Malpractice From Indonesia, 2009-2020. Media Ekonomi Dan Manajemen, 27(1), 77. doi:10.24856/mem.v27i01.2558.
Gautam, A., & Singh, V. (2020). Parametric versus non-parametric time series forecasting methods: A review. Journal of Engineering Science and Technology Review, 13(3), 165–171. doi:10.25103/JESTR.133.18.
Hauke, J., & Kossowski, T. (2011). Comparison of values of pearson’s and spearman’s correlation coefficients on the same sets of data. Quaestiones Geographicae, 30(2), 87–93. doi:10.2478/v10117-011-0021-1.
Puth, M. T., Neuhäuser, M., & Ruxton, G. D. (2015). Effective use of Spearman’s and Kendall’s correlation coefficients forassociation between two measured traits. Animal Behaviour, 102, 77–84. doi:10.1016/j.anbehav.2015.01.010.
Wang, J. (2012). On the relationship between Pearson correlation coefficient and Kendall’s tau under bivariate homogeneous shock model. International Scholarly Research Notices, 2012, 717839 doi:10.5402/2012/717839.
Ratnasari, S. L., Rahmawati, R., Ramadania, R., Darma, D. C., & Sutjahjo, G. (2021). Ethical work climate in motivation and moral awareness perspective: the dilemma by the covid-19 crisis?. Public Policy and Administration, 20(4), 398–409. doi:10.13165/VPA-21-20-4-04.
Rahmawati, R., Darma, D. C., ZA, S. Z., & Asnawati, A. Expanding insight into “toxic information” on post-COVID-19 attacks in Indonesia. Minda Baharu, 5(2), 183–195. doi:10.33373/jmb.v5i2.3480. (In Indonesian)
Bavel, J. J. V., Baicker, K., Boggio, P. S., Capraro, V., Cichocka, A., Cikara, M., … Willer, R. (2020). Using social and behavioural science to support COVID-19 pandemic response. Nature Human Behaviour, 4(5), 460–471. doi:10.1038/s41562-020-0884-z.
Kollamparambil, U., & Oyenubi, A. (2021). Behavioural response to the Covid-19 pandemic in South Africa. PLoS ONE, 16(4), e0250269. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0250269.
Chowdhury, M. B., & Chakraborty, M. (2021). The Impact of COVID-19 on the Migrant Workers and Remittances Flow to Bangladesh. South Asian Survey, 28(1), 38–56. doi:10.1177/0971523121995365.
Pahrudin, P., Chen, C. T., & Liu, L. W. (2021). A modified theory of planned behavioral: A case of tourist intention to visit a destination post pandemic Covid-19 in Indonesia. Heliyon, 7(10), e08230. doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e08230.
Purba, J. H. V., Fathiah, R., & Steven, S. (2021). the Impact of Covid-19 Pandemic on the Tourism Sector in Indonesia. Riset, 3(1), 389–401. doi:10.37641/riset.v3i1.82.
Sevindik, I., Tosun, M. S., & Yilmaz, S. (2021). Local response to the covid-19 pandemic: The case of Indonesia. Sustainability, 13(10), 5620. doi:10.3390/SU13105620.
Sifat, R. I. (2020). Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on domestic violence in Bangladesh. Asian Journal of Psychiatry, 53, 102393. doi:10.1016/j.ajp.2020.102393.
Stuart, H. (2016). Reducing the stigma of mental illness. Global Mental Health, 3. doi: 10.1017/gmh.2016.11.
Marques de Miranda, D., da Silva Athanasio, B., Sena Oliveira, A. C., & Simoes-e-Silva, A. C. (2020). How is COVID-19 pandemic impacting mental health of children and adolescents? International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction, 51, 101845. doi:10.1016/j.ijdrr.2020.101845.
Grunberg, L., Everard, J., & O’Toole, M. (1984). Productivity and safety in worker cooperatives and conventional firms. International Journal of Health Services, 14(3), 413–432. doi:10.2190/QCT5-V6P6-UF8Y-A3V3.
Cascio, W. F., & Montealegre, R. (2016). How Technology Is Changing Work and Organizations. Annual Review of Organizational Psychology and Organizational Behavior, 3(1), 349–375. doi:10.1146/annurev-orgpsych-041015-062352.
Nicola, M., Alsafi, Z., Sohrabi, C., Kerwan, A., Al-Jabir, A., Iosifidis, C., Agha, M., & Agha, R. (2020). The socio-economic implications of the coronavirus pandemic (COVID-19): A review. International Journal of Surgery, 78, 185–193. doi:10.1016/j.ijsu.2020.04.018.
Hsiang, S., Allen, D., Annan-Phan, S., Bell, K., Bolliger, I., Chong, T., Druckenmiller, H., Huang, L. Y., Hultgren, A., Krasovich, E., Lau, P., Lee, J., Rolf, E., Tseng, J., & Wu, T. (2020). The effect of large-scale anti-contagion policies on the COVID-19 pandemic. Nature, 584(7820), 262–267. doi:10.1038/s41586-020-2404-8.
Yaya, S., Otu, A., & Labonté, R. (2020). Globalisation in the time of COVID-19: repositioning Africa to meet the immediate and remote challenges. Globalization and Health, 16(1), 1-7. doi:10.1186/s12992-020-00581-4.
Crocker, J., Canevello, A., & Brown, A. A. (2017). Social Motivation: Costs and Benefits of Selfishness and Otherishness. Annual Review of Psychology, 68, 299–325. doi:10.1146/annurev-psych-010416-044145.
DOI: 10.28991/esj-2022-SPER-012
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.
Copyright (c) 2021 Fitriadi Fitriadi, Jiurhardi Jiuhardi, Arfiah Busari, Yana Ulfah, Yundi Permadi Hakim, Erwin Kurniawan A., Dio Caisar Darma